Most universities these days are requiring a PhD to teach, however community colleges do hire masters students for teaching anthropology classes. This is a common route.
However, this is certainly not the only route. As someone else mentioned, it depends upon your interests and area of focus. If your focus in anthropology is archaeology, a masters degree allows you to run your own excavations in most countries, including the United States. Careers in Cultural Resource Management (CRM) firms are very common (not only for archaeologists) and you need your masters to be hired as a principal investigator in such a firm. In fact, you can legally open and run your own CRM firm with a Masters.
But there are soooo many other jobs, especially in government areas (like museums, research facilities, archival facilities, and planning offices) that value a masters in anthropology. In large cities, such as NYC or D.C., job openings in these areas are common.
The most important thing to remember is that for a great many jobs it is the "masters" that is important, not the "anthropology" part. It shows that you are a committed researcher with a variety of skills. On your C.V., usually "education" is listed first - and you will have one big important step up from many other applicants by being able to put that masters degree at the top. Think of it like a union card that opens the doors to many more carreers that would be closed to you without the M.A.